Simone
trial,experiment,test,try 这些名词均有“试验”之意。trial → 指为观察、研究某事物以区别其真伪、优劣或效果等而进行较长时间的试验或试用过程。experiment → 多指用科学方法在实验室内进行较系统的操作实验以验证、解释或说明某一理论、定理或某一观点等。test → 普通用词，含义广，指用科学方法对某物质进行测试以估价其性质或效能等。try → 普通用词，多用于口语或非正式场合，指试一试。test / test; tɛst/ n (a) examination or trial of the qualities, etc of a person or thing （对人或事物的）迟清测验, 试验, 考验: an en`durance test, eg for a new engine, soldiers in training, etc 耐力试验（如对新发动机、 受训的士兵等坦旦团的） * [attrib 作定语] a `test bore, ie a hole bored into the ground to discover whether it contains mineral, oil, etc 勘察钻孔（为探测矿让橘藏、 石油等的） * (fig 比喻) She left her purse on the table as a test of the child's honesty. 她把钱包留在桌子上来考验那孩子是否诚实. * The long separation was a test of their love. 长期分离对他们的爱情是个考验. (b) such an examination conducted for medical purposes （医疗上的）试验, 检验, 化验: an `eye test 眼睛检查 * a `blood/`urine test 验血[尿]. examination of a person's knowledge or ability in a particular area （对人在某方面的知识或能力的）测验, 测试, 考查: give the pupils a test in arithmetic 对小学生进行算术测验 * an I`Q/in`telligence test 智商[智力]测验 * a`driving-test, ie to obtain a driving licence 驾驶执照考试. means or procedure for testing 试验或检验的手段或程序: a `litmus test 石蕊试验 * [attrib 作定语] a `test circuit, ie one for testing motor vehicles, etc 机动车试验环路 * a test for AIDS, cancer, tetanus, etc 艾滋病、 癌、 破伤风...试验 * a `pregnancy test 妊娠试验. (infml 口) = test match. (idm 习语) the acid test => acid1. put sb/sth to the proof/test => proof1. stand the test of `time, etc prove to be durable, reliable or of lasting value over a long period 经得起长时间的考验: fine old buildings that have stood the test of centuries 经历了数世纪的美观的建筑物.> test v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/sth) (for sth); ~ sth (on sb/sth) examine and measure the qualities, etc of (sb/sth) 检验和衡量（某人[某物]）的品质、 质量等; 试验; 考验: testing for pollution in the water/testing the water for pollution 检验水的污染情况 * a well-testedremedy 经试验证实有效的医疗法 * testing nuclear weaponsunder the sea 海底核武器试验 * have one's eyesight/hearing tested 视力[听力]检查 * The long climb tested our powers of endurance. 那次长距离爬山考验了我们的耐力. * Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人都反对用动物做新药试验. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) test sb's knowledge or ability (in a particular area) 测验某人（在某方面的知识或能力）: She tested the whole class on irregular verbs. 她对全班学生进行不规则动词测验.# `test case lawsuit or other procedure that provides a decision which is expected to be used in settling similar cases in the future 判例案件（诉讼案件或其他程序的先例, 可供以后比照类似案件之判例）: The outcomeof these wage talks is seen as a test case for future pay negotiations. 这一系列工资谈判的结果可视为今后薪酬谈判的先例.`test drive drive taken to judge the performance, etc of a car one is thinking of buying 试车（对欲购之汽车作驾驶测试）. `test-drive v (pt -drove, pp -driven) [Tn] take a test drive in (a car) 对（某汽车）作试车驾驶.`test match (also infml 口语作 test) cricket or Rugby match between teams of certain countries, usu one of a series during a tour （板球或英式橄榄球的）国际间的比赛（通常包括若干赛次）.`test pilot pilot whose job is to fly newly designed aircraft to test their performance （新型飞机的）试飞员.`test-tube n slender glass tube, closed at one end, used in chemical experiments 试管. `test-tube baby baby that is conceived by artificial insemination, or that develops elsewhere than in a mother's body 试管婴儿.牛津高阶英汉双解词典 trial / ˈtraɪəl; ˋtraɪəl/ n [C, U] examination of evidence in a lawcourt, by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is innocent or guilty 审问; 审讯; 审理; 审判: The trial lasted a week. 审讯持续了一个星期. * trial by jury 陪审 * commit sb for trial, ie send sb to prison, for later trial 将某人拘押候审 * The defendant claimed that he had not had a fair trial. 被告声称未获公正审讯. * The case comes to trial/comes up for trial (iewill be tried) next month. 该案将於下月开庭审理. [C,U] (act or process of) testing the ability, quality, performance, etc of sb or sth （对能力、 质量、 性能等 的）测试, 试验, 考验: give job applicants a trial 对求职者进行测试 * put a car through safety trials 对汽车进行安全性能试验 * a trial of strength, ie a contest to see who is stronger 力气的较量 * The new drug has undergone extensive medical trials. 这种新药已做了大量的医学试验. * [attrib 作定语] for trial purposes 为了试验的目的 * employ sb for a trial period 雇用某人试用一段时间 * a trial separation, ie of a couple whose marriage is indifficulties 试验性分居（婚姻关系出现裂痕时的）. [C]sports match to test the ability of players who may be selected for an important team （挑选运动员的）预赛, 选拔赛. [C] ~ (to sb) troublesome or irritating person or thing that one must endure （不得不容忍的）讨厌的人或事物: Her child is a trial to his teachers. 她的孩子让老师很伤脑筋. * life's trials 生活中的磨难. (idm习语) go on `trial/stand `trial (for sth) be tried in a lawcourt 受审判: She went on/stood trial for murder. 她因涉及谋杀罪而受审. on `trial being examined andtested 在试验中; 在测试中: Take the machine on trial fora week. 把这机器试验一星期. * (fig 比喻) Democracy itself is on trial as the country prepares for its first free elections. 这个国家准备进行首次自由选举, 民主制度本身正面临考验. put sb/be on `trial (for sth) (cause sb to) be accused and examined in a lawcourt （使某人）被控告并受审: She was put on trial for fraud. 她因涉及诈骗罪而受审. * He's on trial for his life. 他正在受决定他生死的审判. ,trial and `error process of solving a problem by trying various solutions and learning from one's failures 反覆试验, 从失败中找出解决办法: learn by trial and error 通过反覆试验学习 * [attrib 作定语]trial-and-error methods 反覆试验法. ,trials and `tribulationsirritations and troubles 烦躁和苦恼.# ,trial `run preliminary test of the quality, effectiviness,ability, etc of sth or sb （对质量、 性能、 能力等的）初步测试: Take the car for a trial run to see if you like it. 试试那辆汽车, 看看你是否满意. * The programme was given a trial run to gauge viewers' reactions. 该节目进行了试演以了解观众的反应. * She's taking the exam a year early, just as a trial run (for the real thing). 她提前一年参加考试, 算是（正式考试的）试考.
