Simone
八年级下册英语复习提纲
Unit1
【短语归纳】
1.too much太多2.lie down躺下
3.see a dentist看牙医
4.get an X-ray做个X光检查
5.take one’s temperature量体温6.put some medicine on…在…上敷药
7.have a fever发烧
8.play computer games玩电脑游戏
9.all weekend整个周末
10.take breaks/take a break休息
11 without thinking twice没多想15.wait for等待
16.to one’s surprise使…惊讶的;
12 go to doctor看医13.get off下车
14.take sb.to the hospital送某人去医院
21.get to到达22.right away立刻;马上
17.thanks to多亏;由于18.in time及时
19.think about考虑
20.have a heart problem患有心脏病
27.put…on sth.把…放在某物上
28.a few几个;少数29.come in进来
23.get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）
24.do the right thing做正确的事
25.fall down摔倒26.play soccer踢足球
35.lose one’s life失去生命36.run out（of）用完;耗尽
37.cut off切除38.get out of离开;从…出来
30.get hit/sunburned被打击/晒伤
31.be interested in对…感兴趣
32.be used to习惯于33.because of因为
34.take risks/take a risk冒险
41.think about考虑
Unit 1
Useful Expressions
1. make predictions 做预测
2. free time 空闲时间
3. fly…to… 乘坐…飞往…
4. on a space station 在太空站上
5. I disagree. 我不同意.
6. fall/be in love with sb. 与sb.相爱
7. keep pets 养宠物
8. be able to 能够
9. predict the future 预测未来
10. come true 实现
11. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事(的全过程)
doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事(片断)
12. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 数以百计的
14. try to do sth. 尽力做某事
15. look like 看上去长的像…
16. look for 寻找
17. 一段时间 + from now (从现在起)…之后
from now on = in the future 今后
Key Points
1. Do you think …?
I think (that)….
I don’t think (that)….
2. study at home on computer
辨析：on，in和with.
on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒，乘坐交通工具等;
in：使用语言文字等媒介;
with：借助具体的手段或工具。
Eg. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don’t write it with a red pen.
3. Will people use money in 100 years?
“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用，对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.
4. before
ago 与过去时连用
Grammar Focus
1. The Simple Future tense
一般将来时的三种基本结构：
⑴ will +V.
⑵ be going to +V.
⑶ be + Ving
一般将来时的时间状语：in + 时间，in the future，next + 时间，
与tomorrow 相关的时间，this + 时间，from now on，right now，some day…
2.形容词、副词的比较级用法
Unit 2
UE
1. argue with sb. 与某人争吵
about/over sth. 为某事争吵
2. out of style/danger 过时/脱离险境
in style/danger 时尚/处于危险之中
3. call up sb. (代词放中间)给某人打电话
4. keep out 不让…进入
5. What’s wrong? 怎么啦?
6. be surprised at … 对…感到吃惊
7. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借入某物
8. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
9. pay … for sth. 为某物付…(钱)
10. the same + n. + as… 与…一样的n.
11. get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
12. have a fight with sb. 与某人争吵
13. take part in 加入
14. plan sth. for sb. 为某人计划某事
15. as much as possible 尽可能多的…
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人为某物花了…钱。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…钱。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(时间、金钱)做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句动词是短暂性动词)
until 一直到… (主句中使用延续性动词)
3. leave
GF
情态动词
1. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化;
2. 情态动词不能直接做谓语，必须和一个动词原形同时使用;
3. 大多数情态动词没有时态的变化;
4. 情态动词加上be，通常表示猜测的语气。
Unit3
UE
1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的后面
in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的后部(包含在内)
2. take off 起飞
3. get out of 离开…
4. You are kidding. 胡说八道
5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事
6. get into 进入
7. shout at 训斥、责备
shout to 向…喊叫
8. What happen? 发生什么事了?
happen = take place 发生
9. in silence 沉默地
10. in space 在太空中
11. at the doctor’s 在诊所
12. jump down from… 从…跳下
13. climb up the tree 爬上树
KP
“as + 形容词/副词的原级+as”表示“和…一样”
否定形式：“not as/so + 形容词/副词的原级+as” 表示“和…不一样”
GF
1. The Past Progressive Tense
过去进行时
⑴用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。
⑵谓语结构：be ( was, were )+ Ving
⑶时间状语：at that time/moment
at + 点钟 + yesterday/last night
from +点钟 + to +点钟 + yesterday
this time yesterday
just then
when he came in, ….(when引导的时间状语从句是过去时，并且动词是短暂性动词时，主句使用过去进行时)
2. when & while
when与while都是从属连词，都有“当……时”的意思。
when 可与一个点的时间或表示一段的时间连用，从句动词可以是短暂性或延续性动词;
while 只指一段时间，不能指一点时间。因此while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 举办一个惊喜派对
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因为某事对某人发火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 对某事/某人很着迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4. first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
pass on (代词放中间)
6. work on 从事
7. be supposed to = should 应该
8. be good/better/best at 擅长于…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成绩单
10. the disappointing result 令人失望的结果
11. this semester 本学期
12. How’s it going? 你好吗?
How goes it?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康状况好/不好/糟糕/病着
14. end of year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 对某事/做某事感到紧张
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事处境困难
doing sth.
17. It’s just that… 这只是由于…
18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事
doing sth. 忘记做过某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今为止
21. open up 打开
22. care for 照顾
KP
1. true 符合客观事实的(人和事)
really 真实存在的(人和事)
2. be sure that 确信…
3. I don’t think (that)… 我不认为…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
宾语从句
⑴ 引导词：that —— 引导陈述句，在句中可省略;
if，whether ——引导一般疑问句，可相互替换(从句中出现or not时只能使用whether);
wh-，h- —— 引导特殊疑问句。
主句 从句
一般现在时 各种时态
一般过去时 相应的过去时态
⑵ 时态：
注意：从句讲述的是客观真理时，不根据主句改变时态。
⑶ 语序：引导词后加陈述句语序
“主句 + 引导词 + 从句主语 + 从句谓语 + 其他”
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引语变为间接引语时参照宾语从句的变法，把双引号内的句子变为宾语从句即可。以下是另需变化的两点
⑷ 人称和所有格：“ 一主，二宾，三不变 ”
⑸ 状语与动词
Unit 5
UE (Useful Expression)
1. have a great time 过得很愉快
2. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤
3. let sb. in/out/by 让某人进来/出去/过去
4. be late for 迟到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遗憾
6. organize sth. for … 为…组织某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、没收
bring sth. to … 把某物带来…
take sth. from … 从…把某物带走
9. Why not? 为什么不呢?
10. clean up 收拾干净
11. make a lot of money 挣许多钱
12. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作为…而出名
13. join = take part in 参加
14. a professional athlete 职业运动员
15. get injured 受伤
16. a great chance 一次好机会
17. all the time 一直
18. around the world = all over the world 全世界
19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事谋生
20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
21. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
22. in order to do sth. 以便、为了
that + 目的状语从句 = so that
in order 整齐、有条理、正常
23. talk on the phone 讲电话
KP(Key sentences)
1. too much + 不可数名词
too many + 可数名词
much too + 形容词
2. against 反对、与…相反、与…对抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
条件状语从句由if或unless引导，表示如果有从句中的动作发生，就会有主句的动作发生。在条件状语从句中，主句是将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子时，从句要使用一般现在时表达将来的意思(即：主将从现)。
if：如果
unless：除非 = if… not…，….
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn’t leave for Shanghai.
= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.
2. Imperative
Unit 6
Useful Expression
1. how long 多长时间了?
2. start class/skating/to skate 开始上课/滑冰
= begin class/skating/to skate
3. a skating marathon 一场滑冰马拉松
4. would like = ’d like 愿意、想要
5. run out of 跑完
6. by the way 顺便问一下
7. more than = over 超过
8. ever since 自从
9. raise money for charity 筹集善款
10. a pair of 一双
11. five and a half years 五年半
12. the whole five hours 整整五个小时
13. in Russian style 以俄罗斯的风格
Key sentences
1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位学生每溜冰一个小时就能为慈善事业筹到10元钱。
every 和each 都表示“每一个”，但every是指整体，each是指每个个体。
2. Next is Sam. 紧接着的是Sam。
3. Because we’ve run out of room to store them. 因为我们已经没地方存放他们了。
4. By the way, what’s your hobby? 顺便问一下，你有什么爱好?
5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我对这份作家的工作感兴趣。
6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事实上，首批犹太人可能是在一千多年前来到开封的。
7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我对中国历史了解的越多，我就越喜欢在中国生活。
8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, …. 虽然我住得离北京很远。
Grammar
1. 现在完成进行时
(1) 结构：have/has + been + V.ing.
(2) 用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在且很有可能持续下去;
I’ve been doing the cleaning all this morning.
表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的某一动作刚刚结束;
You’re late again! I’ve been waiting here for an hour.
表示一个一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。
I have been calling you several times in two days.
(3) 时间状语：all the time/this morning, since morning, all night,
this week/month, recently 等
(3) 对现在完成进行时的时间状语进行提问时使用how long。
How long have you been skating?
I’ve been skating since I was seven years old.
for 5 years old.
2. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时区别：
现在完成进行时侧重于动作的持续、运行;而现在完成时强调动作的完成。如：
I have written a letter to my father.(到现在信已写完)我给我的父亲写了一封信。
I have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在写，现在还在写)我一直在给我的父亲写信。
再看：I wrote a letter to my father. 我给我的父亲写过一封信。
Unit 7
Useful Expression
1. turn down/up 调小/大(音量)
turn on/off 打开/关上(电源开关)
2. not at all 一点也不
3. right away = in a minute 立刻、马上
4. do/wash the dish 洗碗
5. get out of 出来
6. put on 穿上(动作)
wear 穿着(状态)
7. feed the dog 喂狗
keep the dog 养狗
8. return … to … 把…还给…
9. help sb. do/with sth. 帮助某人做某事
10. make posters 制作海报
11. a terrible haircut 一个糟糕的发型
12. have a long telephone conversation 褒电话粥
13. wait in line 排队
cut in line 插队
14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周围
15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到恼火
16. all the time 一直
17. complain about 抱怨…
18. be polite 有礼貌
19. try (not) to do sth. 尽力(不去)做某事
20. must be 一定是
21. keep down 保持音量
22. seem like 看上去像…
23. be allowed 被允许
24. even if/though 尽管、即使
25. take care = be careful 小心
26. in public places 在公众场合
in public 公开地，当众地
27. put out 熄灭
28. drop litter 乱丢垃圾
29. pick up 捡起、拾起
Key sentences
1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音乐声关小呢?
Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?
= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做(不做)…好吗?
2. I won’t be long. 我一会就好。
3. The pen you bought didn’t work. 你买的那把笔坏了。
= The pen you bought wasn’t broken.
= There was something wrong with the pen you bought.
= Something was wrong with the pen you bought.
4. Here you are. 给你。
Here’s what they said. 以下是他们所说的。
5. I can’t stand it. 我无法忍受。
I can’t stand to see good food to waste. 我无法忍受看着好食物被浪费。
6. Could you please not follow me around? 请你不要跟着我四周好吗?
7. This happens to me all the time in the school library.
在学校图书馆我一直碰上这种事。
9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢?
voice: 名词，指说话和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高声交谈
noise: 名词，指人们不愿听到地噪音;
sound: 名词，泛指自然界一切可以听到的声音。
10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.
例如，乱丢垃圾是不被允许的。
be allowed 被允许。 “be + 动词的过去分词”是被动语态
八年级下册重点语法和短语
Unit 1 Will people have robots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用 do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?重点短语：won't = will not they'll = they will she'll = she will he'll = he will I'll = I will fall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上（某人/某物） be able to do sth. 能够做某事 come true 实现 in the future 未来 hundreds of 数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的 look for(sb./sth.) 寻找（某人/某物） will → would 情态动词 will 的原形和过去式 may → might 情态动词 may 的原形和过去式Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法） do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do do/does 的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?重点短语：keep sb. out 不让某人进入 What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎么了？ out of style 不时髦的；过时的 call sb. up 给某人打电话 pay for sth. 为某事付款 part-time job 兼职工作 the same as = be same (to/with) 与……同样 in style 时髦的；流行的 get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 与某人相处（好） didn't = did not couldn't = could not as ... as possible 尽可能……(eg/ as soon as possible 尽快) all kinds of 各种；许多 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不要做某事 spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花钱做某事 sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱为了某事 take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人时间做某事 find out 查明 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 be angry at sth. 生某事的气 the same age as = as old as 与某人年龄一样 have fight with sb. 与某人打架 learn to do sth. 学会做某事 not ... until ... 直到……才…… compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较 it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了 maybe adv. 或许 may be （情态动词 + 动词原形）可能是 shall → should 情态动词 shall 的原形和过去式 pay → paid → paid 动词 pay 的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方法)You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?重点语法：过去进行时态 do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?动词 when 和 while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. =While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.感叹句结构：(1) How + adj. + the + 主语 + 谓语动词 =(2) What + (a/an) + [adj.] + n. + 主语 + 谓语动词例句：What a beautiful flower [it is]! =How beautiful the flower is! What beautiful flowers [they are]! =How beautiful the flowers are!重点短语：get out 出去；离开 take off 起飞 run away 逃跑；跑掉 come in 进来 hear about = hear of 听说 take place 发生 as ... as 像……一样(eg/ as old as him 像他一样老) anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方 think about 考虑 think of 认为 get up = get out of the bed 起床 at the doctor's 在诊所 every day 每一天 everyday adj. 日常的 most adj. 大部分 the most 最多的 in space 在太空中 national hero 民族英雄 all over the world = in the world 全世界Reading Strategy(阅读方法)The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)It's also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)例句：----I'm good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句) ----He says I'm good at English.注意：①主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。 例句：He says I'm good at English now. He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. ②主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。 例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday. He said I was good at English now yesterday. ③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。 例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day. Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. ④动词原形不能作主语，必须用其 -ing 形式。 例句：She said helping others changed her life.重点短语：direct speech 直接引语 reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语 first of all = at first 首先 pass on 传递 be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 in good health 身体健康 get over 克服 open up 打开 care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顾 not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再 have a cold 感冒 end-of-year exam 年终考试 get nervous 变得紧张 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做） it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说]……（加形容词） context 上下文Reading Strategy(阅读方法)First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句结构：主句 + if + 条件状语从句 if + 条件状语从句 + [(comma)] + 主句注意：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party. =If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.重点短语：take away 拿走 around the world = all over the world 在世界各地 make a living 谋生 all the time = always 一直 What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了？ in order to do sth. 为了做某事 make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，该结构是一个不带 to 的不定式。） make sb. adj. 使得某人……（加形容词） make sb. done 使得某人被做 be famous for 为……而出名 be famous as 作为……而出名 in class 在课堂上 spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……（时间/钱）用于做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程） see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性） say → said → said 动词 say 的原形、过去式和过去分词 tell → told → told 动词 tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词 eat → ate → eaten 动词 eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词 speak → spoke → spoken 动词 speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?重点语法：现在完成进行时态 do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。 I have been in Junior School for 3 years. 自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。 I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？ How long have you been keeping this book?
1. You use milk to make cheese and you can drink it , too . 动词不定式短语to make cheese在这里作目的状语，修饰use milk 2. A part of your body beginning with “ a ” . → begin with 以……开始 （注意：with是介词） 3. The opposite of short is long or tall . 4. The neck is between your head and your body . → between … and 在……和……之间 5. Carrots , onions and peppers are all vegetables . → all用于三者或三者以上；both用于两者。同时要注意它们在句中的位置，即位于连系动词（be），助动词（be , will , shall , should 等），情态动词（can , may , must , have to等）的后面；其它动词的前面。 6. I like reading books in my free time . like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 / in one’s free time 在空余时间 7. I feel terrible , doctor . 在这里feel是连系动词，terrible是形容词作表语，feel terrible是系表结构作复合谓语 8. I usually relax in my swimming pool . 9. I’m very excited to be taking a vacation around China ! → be excited to do sth. 做某事很激动 10. Who is more athletic , Gao Yan or Li Tong ? 附：音节小议 英语的音素分为元音和辅音两大类，由一个元音或一个元音加一个或几个辅音结合构成的语音单位叫做音节。例如： 由一个元音构成的音节：I /aI/“我”、oh / u/“哦”、a/eI， /“一个”、ear/I /“耳朵”等； 由一个元音加一个辅音构成的音节： bee/bi:/“蜜蜂”、ill /il/“生病”、my/mai/“我的”、see /si:/“看见”等； 由一个元音加几个辅音构成的音节：bed /bed/“床”、bag/b g/“袋子”、clock /kl k/等。
